| Published by Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia |
|
| Print ISSN: 2180-3463 Online ISSN: 2289-9057 Frequency: Annually Current Issue: Volume 31, 2016 Abstracting/Indexing: EBSCO, Google Scholar and MyCite |
|
| :: Aims & Scope | |
The Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education (formerly known as Journal of Educators and Education) aims to promote the professional growth of educators and to improve the quality of education. Objectives:
|
|
| :: Current Issue |
| Volume 31, 2016 |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Number Concept Games on Tablet Computers: Interactive and Attracting the Interest of Pre-schoolers Students |
| Author: | Abdul Halim Masnan and Maizatul Akhma Sa’at |
|
As many countries in sub-Saharan Africa meet universal primary education, widening access to secondary education is becoming an increasingly urgent issue for governments to address. How can African countries achieve mass secondary education available for all? This paper reviews experiences in East and Southeast Asian countries in widening access to secondary education and draws lessons that might be applicable to countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Firstly, the paper looks at macro factors that contributed substantially to the widening of access to secondary education in East and Southeast Asian countries. It then scrutinises micro factors to evaluate how it actually had influences on expanding access. Keywords: access, secondary education, East and Southeast Asia Apabila semakin banyak negara di Afrika sub-Saharan memenuhi pendidikan rendah universal, isu memperluaskan akses pendidikan menengah menjadi perkara penting untuk ditangani oleh kerajaan. Bagaimana Afrika dapat mencapai pendidikan menengah untuk orang ramai? Artikel ini meninjau pengalaman di negara Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur dalam memperluaskan akses pendidikan menengah dan meneliti contoh yang boleh diaplikasi kepada Afrika sub-Saharan. Pertama sekali, artikel ini melihat kepada faktor makro yang menyumbang banyak kepada memperluaskan akses kepada pendidikan menengah di negara Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur. Kemudian faktor mikro diteliti untuk menilai kesannya terhadap pengembangan akses. Kata kunci: akses, pendidikan menengah, Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Mengukur Efikasi Pengajaran Guru Pelatih Universiti Sains Malaysia (Measuring Sense of Efficacy of Universiti Sains Malaysia Student Teachers) |
| Author: | Ahmad Zamri Khairani |
|
Kajian berbentuk deskriptif ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tajuk mata pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan (LK) yang sukar difahami, mengetahui masalah dan keperluan utama pelajar dan guru dalam pelaksanaan LK di sekolah menengah. Seramai 40 orang guru mata pelajaran LK di negeri Melaka dan 138 orang pelajar dari tiga daerah di negeri Pahang terlibat sebagai sampel dalam kajian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan ialah set soal selidik berskala Likert lima poin dan soalan respon terbuka. Indeks kebolehpercayaan bagi instrumen yang digunakan mempunyai nilai alpha Cronbach 0.82. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows Version 12.0 dengan menghasilkan peratus dan frekuensi, manakala analisis soalan respon terbuka dimulakan dengan merekodkan jawapan bertulis peserta untuk mendapatkan data mentah, kemudiannya data ini ditranskripsikan ke komputer dan dianalisis secara manual. Data dikod dan dikategorikan mengikut tema yang khusus. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat tajuk yang sukar difahami oleh pelajar iaitu gabungan tajuk Tangen dan Pandangan Tambahan. Antara permasalahan dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK adalah kekurangan bahan bantu mengajar, bahan rujukan, peralatan pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK dan kemudahan teknologi maklumat yang tidak mencukupi, kaedah pengajaran guru yang kurang berkesan, sikap pelajar terhadap pembelajaran LK dan waktu pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK yang tidak mencukupi. Keperluan yang amat diperlukan adalah bahan bantu mengajar dalam bentuk modul dan perisian, kemudahan peralatan dan bilik LK yang selengkapnya, kemudahan teknologi maklumat yang secukupnya dan keperluan menambah waktu pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK. Kata kunci: Lukisan Kejuruteraan, bahan bantu mengajar, kaedah pengajaran, modul pengajaran dan pembelajaran, teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi This descriptive study was conducted to identify the topics of Engineering Drawing which are difficult to understand, understand the problems faced by educators and their needs of Engineering Drawing in secondary schools. A total of 40 teachers teaching Engineering Drawing in the state of Malacca and 138 students from three districts in Pahang were employed as samples in this study. The instrument used is a set of five Likert-scale questionnaires and open-response questions. The reliability index of the instruments used is the alpha Cronbach 0.82. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows Version 12.0 with a percentage and frequency response while the analysis of open questions began with a written record of participant responses to the raw data, which is then transcribed into a computer and analysed manually. Data is coded and categorised according to specific themes. Findings indicated that students found the combination topics Tangent and Additional Views were difficult to understand. The problems encountered when teaching and learning Engineering Drawings was the lack of teaching aids, reference materials, teaching and learning equipment and facilities. Additional problems found that there was insufficient information technology, ineffective teaching methods, students' attitudes towards the subject and not enough teaching hours and revision time being allocated for Engineering Drawing. In lieu of the above, teaching aids in the form of modules and software, equipment and facilities including fully equipped drawing rooms, adequate information technology facilities and enough teaching and revision hours are pivotal. Keywords: Engineering Drawings, teaching aids, teaching strategy, teaching and learning module, information and communication technology (ICT) |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Kebolehpercayaan dan Korelasi Elemen Multimedia dan Antara Muka Tablet dalam Menilai Penceritaan Digital (Reliability and Correlation of Multimedia Element and Tablet Interface in Digital Storytelling) |
| Author: | Hashiroh Hussain and Norshuhada Shiratuddin |
|
Kursus bahasa Arab di Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) merupakan satu subjek elektif kepada pelajar peringkat ijazah sarjana muda. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penggunaan strategi belajar bersama-sama rakan dalam kalangan pelajar dalam konteks kemahiran lisan bahasa Arab di UiTM. Ia berbentuk kajian campuran antara kuantitatif dan kualitatif serta menggunakan instrumen soal selidik pembelajaran kendiri (self-regulated learning) yang diubah suai daripada skala The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) serta temu bual. Seramai 445 orang sampel terlibat dalam soal selidik yang dipilih melalui teknik persampelan rawak berstrata (stratified random sampling). Data kualitatif pula melibatkan 13 siri temu bual bersama pelajar. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa secara keseluruhannya, pelajar menggunakan strategi ini pada tahap yang tinggi. Penelitian terhadap subkomponen strategi ini pula menunjukkan bahawa ia paling banyak digunakan dalam gerak kerja berkumpulan, manakala tahap kesediaan pelajar untuk menerangkan pelajaran kepada rakan serta kesediaan pelajar untuk meluangkan masa untuk berbincang dengan rakan, masih lagi sederhana. Kajian ini mencadangkan beberapa langkah penambahbaikan dalam pembelajaran kemahiran lisan bahasa Arab di UiTM seperti menggunakan pembantu pembelajaran bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar sendiri. Kata kunci: strategi belajar bersama-sama rakan, pembelajaran kemahiran lisan bahasa Arab, strategi pembelajaran kendiri, MSLQ The Arabic course at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia is an elective offered to first degree students. This study is aimed to investigate the use of peer learning strategy among students in learning oral Arabic at UiTM. It is a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative study using a questionnaire adapted from The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) and interviews. The quantitative data were collected from 445 samples using the stratified random sampling technique. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were collected by conducting 13 interview sessions with students. Overall, the study found that the use of this strategy among students was high. Further investigations on subcomponents of this strategy found that it was highly used in grouping activities. However, the level of students' readiness to provide explanations and to spend their time to discuss the course subjects during group discussions was moderate. This study suggested some improvements in learning oral Arabic in UiTM such as using peer assistants which could be officially selected among students themselves in learning oral Arabic. Keywords: peer learning strategy, oral Arabic learning, self-regulated learning, MSLQ |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Penggunaan Strategi Pembelajaran Kosa Kata Bahasa Arab dalam Kalangan Pelajar Cemerlang (The Strategies Used by Excellent Students in Learning New Arabic Affixes) |
| Author: | Mohd Zaki Ismail, Kaseh Abu Bakar, Nik Farhan Nik Mustapha and Nurazan M Rouyan |
|
Amalan pengajaran karangan Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Melayu di dalam bilik darjah yang difokuskan di dalam kajian ini bermaksud, apa-apa sahaja bentuk komunikasi lisan yang berkaitan dengan cara atau sistem mengajar sama ada dengan penggunaan pendekatan, kaedah atau teknik dalam melaksanakan segala sesuatu yang dirancang, disediakan, dikembangkan dan diakhiri dengan penilaian dan maklum balas. Pengkaji mendapati tahap penguasaan penulisan karangan pada peringkat sekolah menengah hari ini masih memerlukan pemantauan berkala yang tekal. Kajian ini dijalankan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes, "satu kes pelbagai lokasi", iaitu menyelidik hakikat permasalahan pengajaran karangan dalam konteks keadaan sebenar. Maklumat kajian diperoleh menerusi kaedah rakaman video, pemerhatian, temu bual dan analisis dokumen berkaitan. Seramai lima orang Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Melayu telah dipilih menggunakan kaedah persampelan purposif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengajaran penulisan karangan masih mengekalkan pendekatan tradisional iaitu guru memberikan segala perincian pelajaran kepada murid dan pengajaran berpusatkan guru masih mendominasi proses pengajaran karangan di dalam bilik darjah. Keadaan ini berlaku disebabkan beberapa kekangan dan masalah yang nyata. Justeru, adalah dicadangkan supaya dalam usaha untuk merealisasikan matlamat Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan dan matlamat sistem pendidikan bahasa, aspek pedagogi guru haruslah diberi penekanan sepenuhnya bagi memastikan amalan pengajaran guru dapat menzahirkan apa-apa yang telah digariskan sebagai matlamat pendidikan bahasa. Kajian mencadangkan supaya setiap guru seharusnya bertindak sebagai pengkaji yang sentiasa menyelidik perkaitan antara pengajaran dengan perkembangan penulisan murid di dalam bilik darjah masing-masing. Amalan pengajaran karangan yang berkualiti di dalam bilik darjah mampu melahirkan karya-karya penulisan yang segar dari kaca mata generasi muda demi memperkaya khazanah ilmu bangsa dan dunia.
Kata kunci: pengajaran karangan, guru, bilik darjah, Bahasa Melayu This research was conducted to investigate the practice of teaching writing of Bahasa Melayu teacher in the classroom. The practice of teaching writing in Bahasa Melayu by the language teachers in the classroom will only focuses on teacher's verbal application including variety of ways in teaching writing using various approaches, methods and techniques that are planned, prepared, developed, and concluded with assessments and feedbacks. This study was done as the researcher identified that the level of essay writing at secondary school level still requires strict attention and action. To achieve the objective, a qualitative case study was conducted where a case of multiple locations to investigate a phenomenon in the context of the actual situation. The findings were collected through video recording, observation, interviews and analysis of relevant documents. The selection of the respondents made in accordance with the method of purposive sampling. The findings of this study indicate that the teaching of essay writing sustain the conventional approach due to various problem stated. Thus, the study suggested that in order to achieve the goal of Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan and the aim of language education system, teachers have to be applying various methods of teaching in the classroom. Teacher pedagogical aspect should be fully emphasised to ensure the teaching methods disclose with what has been outlined as a goal of language education. The study also suggests that every teacher should act as researchers to investigate the relationship between students' teaching and writing development in their classroom. Effective teaching implementation in a classroom is hopefully can enrich the knowledge of language and the country through the strength in writing and to produce not only quality but also high value young generation. Keywords: teaching writing, teachers, classroom, Malay language |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Keberkesanan Pendekatan Pengajaran Berasaskan Otak dalam Meningkatkan Kefahaman Pelajar Tingkatan Empat Terhadap Pembelajaran Konsep dan Mekanisme Fotosintesis (The Effectiveness of Brain Based Teaching Approach Towards Conceptual Understanding of Concept and Mechanism of Photosynthesis among Form Four Students) |
| Author: | Fazrin Fazil and Salmiza Saleh |
|
Satu kajian sedang dijalankan untuk mengetahui bagaimana contoh Matematik dipilih, digunakan dan diperbaiki oleh Guru Cemerlang Matematik. Objektif utama kajian ini ialah untuk membina kerangka pengetahuan dan kemahiran pengajaran Guru Cemerlang Matematik dalam percontohan. Artikel ini melaporkan sebahagian daripada hasil analisis awal daripada kajian yang sedang dijalankan, iaitu bagaimana Guru Cemerlang Matematik memilih contoh untuk digunakan dalam pengajaran. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian pelbagai kes. Data-data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan catatan pra aktif dan pos aktif, pemerhatian serta temu bual. Hasil analisis awal menunjukkan bahawa Guru Cemerlang Matematik yang dikaji memilih contoh dengan menggunakan pelbagai pengetahuan. Kerangka pengetahuan ini membolehkan mereka memilih contoh yang bersesuaian dengan pelajar-pelajar mereka.
Kata kunci: contoh, percontohan, pengajaran Matematik, Guru Cemerlang A study on how mathematical examples are chosen, use and improve by the expert Mathematics teachers is being conducted. The main objective of the study is to build a framework of knowledge and teaching skills of expert Mathematics teachers in exemplification. This article reports the initial findings from a part of the study that is on how the excellent Mathematics teachers choose examples for their teaching. The study used a qualitative approach with multiple case studies design. Data was collected by using pre active and post active notes, observations and interviews. Results from the initial analysis show that the excellent Mathematics teachers used a variety of knowledge to choose examples. This framework of knowledge helps them to choose appropriate examples for their students. Keywords: example, exemplification, Mathematic teaching, excellent teacher |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Promotion in Academic Proffesion in India: Upward Mobility of teachers in Higher Education |
| Author: | Jandhyala B. G. Tilak and A. Mathew |
|
The long, multidimensional crises in Indonesia have been rooted in degraded national morality. To improve this national moral quality, the country has needed a revitalisation of civic education's role in "value-based education" and "nation and character building". Therefore, civic education has developed to include contextual learning, which is assumed to improve students' character. The problem studied here was the following: What is the effect of contextual learning in civic education on students' character development? This study used quantitative and qualitative approaches with "a dominant-less dominant design". The quantitative approach used surveys, and the qualitative approach used interviews to gather data. The population of interest was junior high school students in West Java taught by civic education teachers who had followed Competence-based Integrated Training. The research sample was determined based on cluster sampling, proportional, and systematic random sampling techniques, with a final sample of 1004 junior high school students. This study's findings showed that contextual learning in civic education had a strong positive relationship with the character development of the junior high school students. This research finding explained that first, contextual learning in civic education taught student's life skills, including the principles of interdependence, differentiation, and self-regulation; second, contextual learning in civic education encouraged the establishment of democratic learning; third, contextual learning in civic education includes elements of character development; and fourth, character education in civic education helped students discover and develop local moral values.
Keywords: character, value, civic education, contextual learning Krisis-krisis bersifat multidimensional dan panjang di Indonesia berakar umbi daripada penyusutan kualiti moral kebangsaan. Untuk memperbaiki kualiti moral kebangsaan tersebut, peranan pendidikan moral dalam konteks pendidikan berasaskan nilai dan pembangunan negara dan pembangunan karektor perlu diberi nafas baru. Justeru, dengan andaian untuk meningkatkan karektor pelajar, pendidikan moral telah dikembangkan dengan cara memasukkan elemen pembelajaran kontekstual. Masalah yang ingin dilihat adalah kesan pembelajaran kontekstual dalam pendidikan sivik kepada pembangunan sahsiah pelajar. Kajian ini menggunakan kedua-dua pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan soal selidik bagi mendapatkan data manakala temu bual pula digunakan dalam pendekatan kualitatif. Populasi berkepentingan bagi kajian ini merupakan pelajar sekolah menengah rendah di Jawa Barat yang menerima pengajaran pendidikan sivik daripada guru pendidikan sivik yang telahpun mengikuti Latihan Bersepadu berasaskan Kecekapan. Teknik persampelan adalah secara persampelan kluster, persampelan berkadar dan persampelan rawak bersistematik yang akhirnya menghasilkan 1,004 orang sampel. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pembelajaran kontekstual dalam pendidikan sivik mempunyai hubungan positif yang kukuh dengan perkembangan karektor pelajar di sekolah menengah rendah. Dapatan kajian ini juga menjelaskan pertama, pembelajaran kontekstual dalam pendidikan sivik mengajar prinsip kehidupan sebagai seorang warganegara, termasuklah prinsip saling bergantung, prinsip perbezaan dan prinsip pengawalseliaan diri; kedua, pembelajaran kontekstual dalam pendidikan sivik menggalakkan pembelajaran demokratik; ketiga, pembelajaran kontekstual dalam pendidikan sivik mempunyai intipati pembangunan karektor; dan keempat, pendidikan pembangunan karektor dalam pendidikan sivik membantu pelajar mencari dan membina nilai-nilai moral tempatan. Kata kunci: watak, nilai, pendidikan sivik, pembelajaran mengikut konteks |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Cabaran yang Dihadapi oleh Guru dalam Pelaksanaan Persekitaran Pembelajaran Maya Frog di Bilik Darjah (Teachers’ Encountered Challenges in the Implementation of Frog Virtual Learning Environment in the Classrooms) |
| Author: | Hasliza Hashim, Siti Munira Mohd Nasri and Zarina Mustafa |
|
The purpose of this study was to assess pre-service secondary mathematics teachers' attitude towards Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP) following an introductory GSP workshop. GSP is a dynamic geometry software program used for constructing and investigating mathematical objects. It is a dynamic tool for construction, demonstration and exploration of mathematical objects, adding a powerful dimension to the study of geometry and many other areas of mathematics. A total of 107 pre-service secondary mathematics teachers who attended a mathematics teaching methods course in a local public university participated in the GSP workshop. None of the participants had any prior experience using GSP. Analysis of their responses to the "Geometer's Sketchpad Attitude Scales" indicated that the pre-service secondary mathematics teachers showed a positive attitude towards GSP is more appropriate because the ''Geometer's Sketchpad Attitude Scales'' was used to access the participants' attitude towards GSP. The results also indicated that there was no significant difference between male and female pre-service secondary mathematics teachers in their overall attitude towards GSP is more appropriate because the ''Geometer's Sketchpad Attitude Scales'' was used to access the participants' attitude towards GSP. Implications of the study for conducting GSP workshops in mathematics teaching methods courses are discussed.
Keywords: pre-service secondary mathematics teachers, Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP), attitude towards GSP, introductory GSP workshop, regular polygons Kajian ini bertujuan menilai sikap guru-guru matematik sekolah menengah pra perkhidmatan terhadap Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP) selepas satu bengkel pengenalan GSP. GSP merupakan satu program perisian geometri dinamik yang digunakan untuk membina dan menyiasat objek-objek Matematik. Ia adalah satu alat dinamik bagi pembinaan, demonstrasi dan eksplorasi yang menambahkan satu dimensi yang kuat kepada pengajian geometri serta banyak bidang Matematik yang lain. Sejumlah 107 orang guru Matematik sekolah menengah pra perkhidmatan yang mengikuti satu kursus kaedah mengajar Matematik di sebuah universiti awam tempatan mengambil bahagian dalam bengkel GSP tersebut. Semua peserta tidak mempunyai pengalaman menggunakan GSP sebelum bengkel tersebut. Analisis respons mereka kepada "Skala Sikap Geometer's Sketchpad" menunjukkan bahawa guru-guru Matematik sekolah menengah pra perkhidmatan tersebut mempunyai sikap positif terhadap GSP. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara guru-guru Matematik sekolah menengah pra perkhidmatan lelaki dan perempuan dalam sikap 106 terhadap GSP secara keseluruhan. Implikasi kajian bagi menjalankan bengkel GSP dalam kursus kaedah mengajar Matematik turut dibincangkan. Kata kunci: pguru-guru Matematik sekolah menengah pra perkhidmatan, Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP), sikap terhadap GSP, bengkel pengenalan GSP, poligon sekata |
|
| |
|
| Title: | Kerjasama Pihak Sekolah dan Penglibatan Ibu Bapa India dalam Pendidikan Anak di Sekolah Kebangsaan (School’s Partnership and Indian Parents’ Involvement in Their Child’s Education in National Schools) |
| Author: | Suresh Kumar N Vellymalay |
|
The objective of this paper is to investigate the consistency of item selection and the existence of unidimensionality within each construct of the Student-Parent Actions Model (SPA) measurement scale using item response theory (Rasch measurement model). Based on Rasch model, which uses the WINSTEPS program, 373 students' responses were analysed. The sample group, which had a mean age of 16.41 years, was selected from five secondary schools through convenience sampling. The initial 62 items of SPA were analysed within the eight 'a priori' hypothesised dimensions. Rasch's misfit statistics were used to eliminate items that violated the infit and outfit MNSQ criteria of being between 0.70 and 1.30. In combination with the first principal component analysis of standardised residual (PCAR), Rasch's fit statistics were used to analyse unidimensionality within each individual construct. From the Rasch analysis results, 35 items were selected. In total, 27 items were similar to the SPA selected through structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis. All eight constructs exhibited unidimensionality, as PCAR analysis showed explained variances ranging from 47.10% to 73.6% for each individual construct. However, the eigenvalues of unexplained variances in the first contrast were all less than 3.0 indicating unidimensionality within each construct. Overall, SPA exhibited high consistency in the selection of items between the Rasch and SEM methods. When compared to the original SPA, the high percentage of similarity (approximately 80%) for the selected items indicated item selection stability for SPA across the two methods. Multidimensionality for the instrument was also detected.
Keywords: Rasch Measurement Model, structural equation modelling, item selection Objektif kajian adalah untuk menyelidik konsistensi dalam pemilihan item dan kewujudan unidimensionaliti untuk konstruk-konstruk dalam Student-Parent Actions Model (SPA) menggunakan teori item respons (Model Pengukuran Rasch). Respons daripada 373 pelajar dianalisis berdasarkan model Rasch dengan menggunakan program WINSTEPS. Min umur sampel adalah 16.41 tahun dan dipilih menggunakan kaedah convenience sampling daripada lima buah sekolah menengah. Enam puluh dua item yang merangkumi lapan konstruk yang dihipotesiskan a priori dianalisa. Statistik Rasch digunakan untuk pemilihan item. Kriteria yang digunakan untuk memilih item ialah MNSQ 0.70–1.30. Statistik Rasch yang digabungkan dengan PCAR digunakan untuk menganalisis unidemensionaliti dalam setiap konstruk. Tiga puluh lima item dipilih berdasarkan kriteria Rasch sementara 27 item dipilih apabila menggunakan kaedah structural equation modelling (SEM). Kesemua konstruk menunjukkan unidimensionaliti apabila nilai PCAR berada dalam lingkungan 47.10% hingga 73.60%. Nilai eigen kurang daripada 3.0 turut memberikan indikasi bahawa konstruk adalah unidimensi. Secara keseluruhannya, SPA mempamerkan konsistensi yang tinggi walaupun menggunakan dua kaedah yang berbeza di antara Rasch dan SEM. Persamaan yang mencapai 80% di antara item terpilih memberikan implikasi bahawa pemilihan item adalah agak stabil walaupun menggunakan dua kaedah berbeza. Akhir sekali, multidimensionaliti instrumen turut dikesan. Kata kunci: Model Pengukuran Rasch, Permodelan Persamaan Struktural, pemilihan item |
|
| |
|
